“天真无邪lt”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了12篇考研英语模拟试题及答案解析，下面小编为大家整理后的考研英语模拟试题及答案解析，欢迎阅读与借鉴!
- 目录
篇1：考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on Answer Sheet 2. (10 points)
The universities are schools of education, and schools of research. (46) But the primary reason for their existence is not to be found either in the mere knowledge conveyed to the students or in the mere opportunities for research afforded to the members of the faculty.
Both these functions could be performed at a cheaper rate, apart from these very expensive institutions. Books are cheap, and the system of apprenticeship is well understood. (47) So far as the mere imparting of information is concerned, no university has had any justification for existence since the popularisation of printing in the fifteenth century. Yet the chief impetus to the foundation of universities came after that date, and in more recent times has even increased.
(48) The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence.
This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare fact: it is invested with all its possibilities. It is no longer a burden on the memory: it is energising as the poet of our dreams, and as the architect of our purposes.
Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. (49) It works by drawing the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by an intellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enables men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes.
Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline this energy of imagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imaginations. Fools act on imagination without knowledge; pedants act on knowledge without imagination. The task of a university is to weld together imagination and experience.
The initial discipline of imagination in its period of youthful vigour requires that there be no responsibility for immediate action. (50) The habit of unbiased thought, whereby the ideal variety of exemplification is discerned in its derivation from general principles, cannot be acquired when there is the daily task of preserving a concrete organisation. You must be free to think rightly and wrongly, and free to appreciate the variousness of the universe undisturbed by its perils.
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Six months from now, you will be graduating from the university. For the time being, you are looking for a chance of internship at the Evening Post of the city.
1) State your wish to work as an intern with the newspaper;
2) Explain what kind of job that you're looking for;
3) And State your reasons why you can do the job well.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2. (20 points)
篇2：考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on Answer Sheet 1. (10 points)
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school.
Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should 4 enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a 5 of work rather than for a single job.
Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 6 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 7 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 8 . Some drift from job to job. Others 9 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or 10 prestige. Too many highschool students or their parents for them choose the professional field, 11 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 12 . The prestige that people tend to 13 to a profession or a white-collar job is no good reason for choosing it as life's work.
14 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large 15 of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious 16 to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 17 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual 18 . Some want security; others are willing to take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its 20 .
1. [A] identification [B] entertainment [C] accommodation [D] occupation
2. [A] however [B] therefore [C] though [D] thereby
3. [A] entirely [B] mainly [C] partly [D] his
4. [A] since [B] therefore [C] furthermore [D] forever
5. [A] place [B] chance [C]field [D] opening
6. [A] to [B] for [C] without [D] with
7. [A] little [B] few [C] much [D] a lot
8. [A] chance [B] basis [C] purpose [D] opportunity
9. [A] apply [B] appeal [C] stick [D] turn
10. [A] imagined [B] substantial [C] acquired [D] demanded
11. [A] concerning [B] following [C] considering [D] disregarding
12. [A] preferences [B] requirements [C] tendencies [D] ambitions
13. [A] contribute [B] attach [C] attribute [D] allot
14. [A] Therefore [B] However [C] Nevertheless [D] Moreover
15. [A] proportion [B] part [C] quanitity [D] batch
16. [A] proposal [B] suggestion [C] consideration [D] appraisal
17. [A] towards [B] against [C] out of [D] without
18. [A] knowledge [B] satisfaction [C] culture [D] sensitivity
19. [A] turns [B] parts [C] choices [D] risks
20. [A] awards [B] requirements [C] results [D] needs
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1. (40 points)
Text 1
It is said that people buy contemporary art when they are confident about the future and old art when they are not. Conventional wisdom has it that older art holds its value, while contemporary stuff is for risk-lovers. William Goetzmann, a professor at Yale, estimates that during the last art-market depression, which set in after 1990, impressionist and contemporary works fell by most (51% and 40% respectively), while Old Masters suffered least (down by 16%). Yet despite the ups and downs, contemporary works have been rewarding for those who are prepared to hang on: according to Jianping Mei and Michael Moses, professors at New York University (NYU) since 1970 the returns on contemporary art have far exceeded those on Old Masters and 19th-century paintings.
Since the late 1980s, more sophisticated analysis of the art market and a growing interest in alternative investments have spurred the creation of several new investment funds focused on art. At a recent conference organised by one of these, the Fine Art Fund, Rachel Campbell of Maastricht University pointed out the low correlation between returns on art and on those other investments. Given that it usually pays to diversify, that is a good argument for investing in art, whatever your taste. The Fine Art Fund, which began buying this April (and has 36% of its money in cash), advises that investors spread their art allocation fairly evenly between Impressionists, Old Masters, modern art and contemporary works.
Contemporary art, in particular, has served rich investors well in the past few years. Prices stayed stable when stock markets fell. Nevertheless, one recent academic study has found a correlation with another asset class: during the last world art boom, in the late 1980s, prices were closely tied to property values, specifically Japanese land prices. After 1990, art and property fell together. Now property prices in several countries are once again at frightening heights.
Investing in art will always be a risky business. Works of art by definition belong to different categories; holding periods vary; the market is illiquid; art yields no income, producing only capital gain or loss; transaction costs are high. As for contemporary art in particular, it is a sobering thought that, according to Mr Moses, each year an average of only two artists emerge whose work increases in value over time. All this speaks against a big commitment to speculating in art; better, maybe, simply to buy what you like, if you can: treat your money, in other words, not as invested but as consumed.
21. By saying that the market is illiquid (Line 2, Para. 4), the author suggests that .
[A] art works seldom lose their value in the market
[B] investment in art does not have guaranteed return of profits
[C] the difficulty to trade art works is obvious and evident
[D] the art market tends to be responsive to the economic situation
22. The Fine Art Fund advise that investors need to spread their art allocation because .
[A] Old Masters always promise a high return of profits
[B] different art works are valued differently in the market
[C] buying art works is always a good way of investment
[D] people should be aware of the risks of investment in art
23. The returns on contemporary art indicate .
[A] people have come to see the value of contemporary art
[B] the economic prospects are positively assessed
[C] there is a growing interest in alternative art investments
[D] investors have learned to spread their art allocation
24. We can learn from the text that .
[A] the two NYU professors advise people against buying Old Masters
[B] cautious investors are advised to stay away from the art market
[C] the real estate market is a good indicator of the art market
[D] art investors should not speculate in the art market
25. What is the possible attitude of Mr Moses toward investing in contemporary art?
[A] Investors in contemporary art should be more patient.
[B] A supplicated analysis of the art market is always a must.
[C] Contemporary art seems to promise greater returns of profits.
[D] It is dangerous to speculate in the contemporary art market.
篇3：考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
[B] propelled [C] repelled [D] dispelled 10. In most cases politicians are _____ as they seldom tell the truth. [A] credible [B] credulous [C] incredulous [D] incredible 11. He soon received promotion, for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable _____. [A] future [B] possibility [C] ability [D] opportunity 12. Britain has the highest _____ of road traffic in the world―over 60 cars for every mile of road. [A] density [B] intensity [C] popularity [D] prosperity 13. CCTV programs are _____ by satellite to the remotest areas in the country. [A] transferred [B] transported [C] transformed [D] transmitted 14. An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budget _____. [A] disposition [B] deficit [C] defect [D] discrepancy 15. The government will _____ a reform in the educational system. [A] initiate [B] initial [C] initiative [D] intimate Section III Reading Comprehension Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D] Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET (40 points) Text 1 The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one’s life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, right, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver’s license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.
篇4：考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
37. A Satisfying social relations are vital to sound mental and emotional health. 让人满意的社会关系对于良好的精神和情绪健全至关重要。 [A] sound作形容词意为“完好的，健全的，合理的，明智的”。例：the sound development of a baby(一个婴儿的健康发育);sound judgment合理(明智)的判断。[B] all-round adj. 全面的，多才多艺的。 38. D It is believed that in order to initiate, develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must possess the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. 一般认为，要想建立，发展，并且维持有效而给人满足感的社会关系，人们必须拥有了解和信任他人，影响他人，及帮助他人的能力。[D]initiate vt. 创始，发起;[A] illuminate vt. 照明，照亮，阐明，说明;[B] enunciate v. 阐明，清晰发言;[C] enumerate v. 列举。 39. D 上下文中also一词提示天空处需要be capable of的近义词，所以possess the ability符合题意。 40. [A] They must also be capable of resolving conflicts in a constructive way. 他们必须有能力以建设性的方法来解决冲突。 resolve和solve都有“解决”之意。例：solve/resolve a problem但resolve可用来表达“评定或平息冲突或争端等”之意，相当于settle。例：resolve/settle the quarrel in a friendly way(以友好的方式解决纷争)。此外，resolve还有“决心，决定”之意，相当于decide或determine。例：Parliament has resolved that… (国会决议……);to resolve/be resolved to do… (下决心做……)。 Section III Reading Comprehension Text 1 41. [C] 意为：人们所受的教育增多以及反童工法的制定 根据题干直接定位到第一段第二句while…部分，它指出，(相对原始社会)，工业社会中青春期变长有两方面的原因：教育期的延长和反童工法的制定。所以，正确选项为[C]。 [A]的干扰来自于第一段第一句。它提到，“青春期的长短取决于不同社会对成熟和成年的定义”。接着第二句就比较了原始社会和工业化社会。从这两句其实我们可以推出这两种社会对成熟的定义必定不同。但第二句已经明确指出了具体原因，因此[C]为最佳答案。[B] 工业化社会更加发达，文中未提。[D]是工业社会中关于青春期变化的现象，而非青春期变长的原因。 42. [A]意为：从各类学校毕业 第二段第二句指出：青春期的社会仪式(social ones)已经被一系列阶段(a sequence of steps)所取代。第三句说明了“一系列阶段”的具体所指―─各阶段学习的毕业。所以，[A]为正确选项。 [B]、[C]、[D]的错误在于：social recognition、certain behavioral change 和socio-economic status本身都不是青春期仪式的替代品，而只是和其替代品紧密相连的因素。第三句提到，行为变化和社会认可度是伴随“阶段”而存在的，而一个人的社会经济地位会影响各阶段对他的重要性。 43.[C] 意为：21岁第二段后面部分从It is during the nine years到倒数第二句列举了青春期各阶段的权利。其中，第十句(at the age of twenty-one… public office)指出，21岁是开始享有完全成****利的年龄。所以[C]为正确选项。 11岁不属于该部分介绍的范围;16岁时只能享有部分成****利;12到21岁期间是一个从儿童向成人转变的过程，个人享有权利逐渐增加，但若享有完全成****利，需要达到21岁。因此其他项排除。 44. [C]意为：个人的基本权利将不会比21岁时有所增加。 文中倒数第二句说明，一旦达到成人阶段(21岁)，将不再继续获得其他额外的基本权利。所以，本题的正确选项应为[C]。其他项[A] 个人会得到更多的基本权利;[B] 一个人越老，拥有的基本权利越多;[D] 人们将享有社会赋予的更多的权利;与原文内容相反。 45. 答案[A]意为：获得驾照的人就可以算是成人了 第一段末句指出，到了19世纪晚期，美国的青春期和成年期的分界线消失。Frontier意为dividing line。所以，[A]为正确选项。
篇5：考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
41. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because ________. [A] the definition of maturity has changed [B] the industrialized society is more developed [C] more education is provided and laws against child labor are made(C) [D] ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance 42. Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to ________. [A] graduations from schools and colleges [B] social recognition [C] socio-economic status(A) [D] certain behavioral changes 43. No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is ________. [A] eleven years old [B] sixteen years old [C] twenty-one years old(C) [D] between twelve and twenty-one years old 44. Starting from 22, ________. [A] one will obtain more basic rights [B] the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have [C] one won’t get more basic rights than when he is 21(C) [D] one will enjoy more rights granted by society 45. According to the passage, it is true that ________. [A] in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed [B] no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-one [C] one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a driver’s license(A) [D] one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join the arm 33. D Examples of stress-inducing events in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to achieve academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. 年轻人的生活中，能够带来压力的事件，包括宠物的死亡、学业的压力、父母的离异，或者加入新的年轻人群体。[D] event来自拉丁语evenire发生，e-出.外+venire来，发生出来的事就是“(比较重大的)事件”。而句子表语部分恰恰罗列了种种较为重大的事件。[A] evidence n. 明显，显著，明白，迹象，根据，[物]证据，证物;[B]accident n. 意外事件，(造成一定伤亡或者损失的)事故;[C] adventure n. 冒险，冒险的经历。 34. B “学业上取得成就”用achieve。[A] acquire和[C] obtain作“获得”解时，作及物动词，后及宾语。[D]fulfill vt. 实践，实行，完成，达到，侧重“履行”之意。 35. A The different ways in which individuals respond to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. 人们对压力做出的不同的反应方式，可能会带来有益于健康，或者不利于健康的后果。[A] respond(常与to连用)反应，回报，对……有反应，对……起作用;[B] return vt. 归还，回报，(经济)收益;[C] retort v. 反驳，反击;[D]reply vi. 答复，回击，报复，答辩，回答。 36. C One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well while another may be unable to function at a11. 在巨大的压力下。有的人可能会应对非常自如，但是另一个人就完全无法正常发挥。[C] while此处是一个表示转折意义的连词，表示“虽然，但是”。例：You like tennis, while I’d rather read. 你爱打网球，但我爱看书。类似用法的连词还有whereas。例：Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it. 有些人喜欢肥肉，相反有些人讨厌肥肉。
篇6：考研英语模拟试题及答案
Kindly let me know when you are free. I hope that we have time to get together. Wish you a more successful future.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
[参考范文]
On Policy Making
①From the picture, we know that a man is weaving a bamboo basket. ②On the one hand, he is going great guns to do his job. ③On the one hand, the baskets already made have formed a small mountain on which spiders are spinning webs. ④Symbolically, the bamboo baskets represent rules and regulations made by the authorities. ⑤Therefore, it can easily be seen that the picture is aiming at the phenomenon that nowadays rules and regulations are frequently made but rarely enforced.
⑥There are many reasons accounting for the above phenomenon. ⑦The most contributing one is that some policy makers don't take the reality into consideration when they lay down rules and regulations. As a result, these rules are only found useless. ⑧In addition, official corruption is part of the cause. ⑨To improve performance and get promotion, many officials go astray and mistakenly think that policies they formulate are a direct reflection of their achievements.
⑩Considering the above analysis, I think immediate measures should be taken to prevent the problem from deteriorating. On the one hand, policy makers should never abandon their tradition of doing things in a practical and realistic way. On the other hand, it is necessary for authorities to pay close attention to the enforcement of rules.
篇7：考研英语模拟试题及答案
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text.Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）
In the past few decades，remarkable findings have been made in ethology，the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had 1 that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that 2 variation occurs among the social ties of most species，showing that learning is a part of social life. That is，the 3 are not solely fixed by the genes.
4，the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly 5 instinctive，but it is not quite like the learning of humans；it is something in between the two. An illustration best 6 the nature of imprinting. Once，biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that，shortly 7 they hatch，ducklings fix 8 any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are 9 for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus，social ties can be considerably 10，even ones that have a considerable base 11 by genetics.
Even among the social insects something like imprinting 12 influence social behavior. For example，biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely 13 instinct. But，in examining a“dance”that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source，observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively. At a higher level，the genetic base seems to be much more for an all?purpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees，for instance，generally 14 very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or 15 fail to nurture the young. She believes that these females were the youngest or the 16 child of a mother. In such circumstances，they did not have the opportunity to observe how their own mother 17 for her young. Certainly adolescent chimps who are still with their mothers when other young are born take much interest in the rearing of their young brother or sister. They have an excellent opportunity to learn，and the social ties that are created between mother and young 18 Goodall to describe the social unit as a family. The mother?offspring tie is beyond 19；there is some evidence to 20 that ties also continue between siblings of the same sex，that is“brother?brother”and“sister?sister”。
1?A?assumedB?adoptedC?believedD?surmised
2?A?considerateB?consideratedC?considerableD?considering
3?A?statuesB?statusesC?statutesD?statures
4?A?What?s moreB?HenceC?ButD?However
5?A?notB?onlyC?butD?solely
6?A?clarifiesB?classifiesC?definesD?outlines
7?A?thanB?beforeC?whenD?after
8?A?onB?withC?inD?within
9?A?appropriatedB?substitutedC?assignedD?distributed
10?A?variedBdeviatedC?differedD?altered
11?A?fashionedB?modifiedC?influencedD?affected
12?A?mayB?shouldC?mustD?can
13?A?byB?out ofC?fromD?through
14?A?proveB?makeC?turnD?create
15?A?otherwiseB?stillC?yetD?even
16?A?oneB?soleC?singleD?only
17?A?lookedBattendedC?caredD?provided
18?A?guideB?causeC?directD?lead
19?A?limitationB?imaginationC?doubtD?expectation
20?A?adviseB?hintC?implyD?suggest
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions：
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B，C or D?Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1?（40 points）
Text 1
New figures from France，Germany and Italy―the three biggest economies in the 12 country Eurozone―suggest the continent‘s economic woes may have been exaggerated.In France，evidence emerged that consumer spending remained solid in July and August，rising 1.4%and 0.6%respectively.Forecasters had generally expected the July figure to show a 0.1% slippage，with August unchanged.But the figures were flattered slightly by a down grade to the June figure，to 0.7% from1.5%.
With manufacturing in the doldrums across Europe and the US，consumer spending has been increasingly seen as the best hope of stopping the global economic slowdown from turning into a recession.The French government said the news proved that the economy was holding up to the strain of the slowdown.
Meanwhile in Germany，new regional price figures went someway towards calming fears about inflation in Europe‘s largest economy―a key reason for the European Central Bank’s reluctance to cut interest 15 states said consumer prices were broadly stable，with inflation falling year on year.The information backed economists‘expectations that inflation for the country as a whole is set to fall back to a yearly rate of 2.1%，compared to a yearly rate of 2.6% in August，closing in on the Euro?wide target of 2%.The drop is partly due to last year’s spike in oil prices dropping out of the year?on?year calculation.
The icing on the cake was news that Italy‘s job market has remained buoyant.The country’s July unemployment rate dropped to 9.4% from 9.6% the month before，its lowest level in more than eight years.And a business confidence survey from quasi?governmental research group ISAE told of a general pick?up in demand in the six weeks to early September.But the news was tempered by an announcement by Alitalia，the country‘s biggest airline，that it will have to get rid of 2，500 staff to cope with the expected contraction as well as selling 12 aeroplanes. And industrial group Confindustria warned that the attacks on US targetsmeant growth will be about 1.9% this year，well short of the government’s 2.4% target. And it said the budget deficit will probably be about 1.5%，nearly twice the 0.8% Italy‘s government has promised its European Union partners.
21?We know from the first paragraph that.
A?new figures from the three European countries show the prediction of forecasters is exactly right
B?European economy gets on better than forecasters have predicted
C?all of the forecasters expect the fully figure to show a reduction
D?in three European countries the consumer spending continues to rise
22?The term“in the doldrums”in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A?in the process of rising B?experiencing a sharp turning
C?in the recessionD?rising rapidly
23?Which of the following statements is true according to the text？。
A?The reason for the ECB‘s unwilling to cut interest rates is inflation was actually expected to fall in Germany
B?In Germany consumer prices were falling
C?Last year‘s oil prices dropping out of the year?on?year calculation directly leads to the drop of inflation
D?The European Central Bank is willing to cut interest rate
24?ln this passage，the word“buoyant”in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to the word.
A?depressingB?gloomyC?activeD?calm
25?lndustrial group Confindustria warned that.
A?the attacks on US targets lead to the comparatively lower growth
B?the growth had been well short of the government‘s target
C?the budget deficit must be about 1.5%
D?the budget deficit will probably be great different from the country‘s promise
Text 2
Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5～8 w
篇8：考研英语模拟练习题及答案解析
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.
Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.
The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.
__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest C like size, industry, and sales C and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.
The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.
__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.
1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when
2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion
3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary
4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism
5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change
6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed
7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often
8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered
9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize
10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods
11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable
12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke
13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare
14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced
15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never
16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally
17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since
18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes
19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share 20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out
1. [标准答案] [C]how
[考点分析] 连词辨析
[选项分析] 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。”[A] 为什么 [B] 哪里 [C] 怎样，多么 [D] 当…时候。根据语义分析，C选项填入原文，译为“快乐可能会影响工作是有多么稳定”，C为正确选项。
2. [标准答案] [B]In particular
[考点分析] 上下文语义以及短语辨析
[选项分析] [A] 反过来 [B] 尤其是 [C] 相反 [D] 总的来说 根据前文语境，第二段第一句译为“根据近期的研究，拥有更多快乐的人的公司会投资更多”。而第二句“_______那些在快乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。“第二句是在第一句的基础上进一步强调说明，因此B选项更符合语境要求。
3. [标准答案] [D]necessary
[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]充足的 [B] 著名的 [C] 完美的 [D] 必要的 首先，根据本句题干 “That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investments for the future.”译为“因为快乐与对未来投资有______长远考虑相联系。”要求填写形容词, 我们要考虑其搭配与其修饰成分。空格处搭配介词for, 并且修饰“长远考虑”。因此D选项最符合语境要求。
4. [标准答案] [C]optimism
[考点分析] 上下文语义及名词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]个人主义 [B] 现代主义 [C] 乐观主义 [D] 现实主义 本题考查同后缀的名词辨析。根据原文主旨，探讨“happy people”与公司的关系。那么，衡量四个选项，只有C选项符合主旨要求。
5. [标准答案] [D]change
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]发出回声 [B] 想念，错过 [C] 破坏 [D] 改变 根据原文语境，“would 5 the way companies invested.”本题考查动宾搭配，宾语为“公司投资的方式”只有D选项搭配最为合理。
6.[标准答案] [B]measured
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]想象 [B] 衡量，测量 [C] 发明 [D] 假定，设想 “So they compared U.S. cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.”译为“他们把盖洛普咨询公司所_____的美国城市平均幸福指数与该地区的上市公司投资活跃度进行对比。” 根据原文语境，盖洛普咨询公司所做的应该是一个“既定事实”所以排除ACD。因此，B选项为最佳选项。
7.[标准答案] [A]Sure
[考点分析] 上下文语义及固定搭配
[选项分析] [A]确信的 [B] 奇怪的 [C] 不幸运的 [D] 经常的 本题为固定搭配“sure enough” 译为“足以肯定的是，”
8.[标准答案] [D]headquartered
[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]广告的 [B] 划分的 [C] 课税过重的 [D]位于总部的 根据原文“ firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8 . ”译为“足以肯定的是，公司投资与研发力度与公司______的幸福指数相关。”in which 引导表示地点的定语从句，先行词为area.对比四个选项，ABC不足以说明此地点的真实含义。因此，D选项，搭配前文area,构成“总部所在地”最为合理。
9.[标准答案] [A]explain
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]解释 [B] 夸大 [C] 概述[D]重点强调 根据原文“…or ould something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D?” A选项 “explain”常和后文 “why” 搭配使用。
10.[标准答案] [B]factors
[考点分析] 上下文语义及名词词义辨析
[选项分析] [A]阶段 [B] 因素 [C] 等级[D]方法 根据原文语境“To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest C like size, industry, and sales…”本题中，破折号后面 “大小，产业，销售”这些都是 “让公司有更多投资的”因素。因此，B选项最符合原文语境。
11.[标准答案] [A] desirable
[考点分析] 上下文语义和形容词
[选项分析] 该空填的是形容词，用来修饰前面的名词place,并且在意义上也是对后面like growth in wages or population的解释，可以看出来应该是填褒义词，并且能修饰place.所以只有[A]desirable合适的 符合文章。[B]social 社交的 [C]reputable 受尊敬的 [D]reliable 可依靠的。
12. [标准答案] [B]held
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] 该句算是这一段的总结句，该段整体在描述幸福与投资之间的关系，而这一link就只能得出了，只有[B]held ”得出”符合语境。A resumed “重新开始”，C emerge “浮现”，D broke “破坏”。
13.[标准答案] [A] attribute
[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系以及动词词组辨析
[选项分析]该空是一个which引导的定语从句的谓语动词所在地，动词的宾语就是前面的主句，强调“幸福与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司”这一结论与后面“所做决定会偏草率”之间的关系，能看出是一个因果关系，因此答案选择[A]attribute 与to 搭配表示“归因于……”，而[B]assign to表示“指派”[C]transfer to“转移到”[D]compare to“与……比较”均不符合题意。
14.[标准答案] [D] experienced
[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析
[选项分析] 此处很简单，前面有一个并列连词and, 与前面的young一致修饰managers,强调新公司的领导年轻并缺乏经验，只有[D]experienced最合适。
15. [标准答案] [C] also
[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系以及副词词义辨析
[选项分析]前面说到了“年轻的新经理决策时更容易受情绪影响。”与后面的“这种关系在员工幸福指数_____的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。”之间很明显是一种递进关系，所以只有[C]also合适。”
16. [标准答案] [D]equally
[考点分析] 上下文语义及副词词义辨析
[选项分析] 这题是考察副词修饰spread, 但是更要注意的是该句“这种关系在员工幸福指数_____的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。”中该空与后面的inequality形成复现关系，所以很容易判断出答案选择[D]equally。
17. [标准答案] [C] while
[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系
[选项分析] 该题是典型的考察上下文逻辑关系的题目，因此着力点应该放在上一段和这一段之间的关系。这一段第一句明确说出“这并不证明是幸福导致公司大量投资……”，所以两句话之间是一个转折关系，选择while.
18. [标准答案] [C]hints
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] 该题可以看出是考察动词与at的固定搭配，arrive at是“到达，抵达”，jump at是“扑向;欣然接受”hint at是“暗示” strike at是“袭击，攻击”，文章中的at least 和that possibility论证了这是一种可能，只有hint at有这层含义。
19. [标准答案] [A]shape
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] 根据上下文应该选一个“影响”未来看法含义的动词，[B]是“再发现”[C]是“使简化，使单纯”[D]是“分享”所以可以均可以排除，A 是“塑造，形成，影响”，所以A项是最佳答案。
20. [标准答案] [B]lean towards
[选项分析] 上下文语义及动词词组词义辨析
[考点分析] 本空考察动词词组，且该词组词义应与and前面意思保持一致，且作用对象为研发。[A]pray for 祈祷 [B]lean towards 倾向 [C]give away 放弃，泄露 [D]send out 放出，给予。只有[B]选项能表达一种递进含义。
【全文翻译】
快乐的人工作起来会有不同。他们更多产，更有创造力，也更愿意去冒险。近期的一项研究表明快乐也可能会影响公司的工作。
根据近期的研究报告，在各地的公司里，拥有更多快乐的员工会投入的更多。尤其是那些在快乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。因为快乐与对未来投资有必要的长远考虑相联系。这是因为对未来进行投资需要作出长远决策，而这种决策与快乐相关。
研究者希望了解乐观精神和随快乐而来的冒险精神是否会改变公司投资的方式。因此，他们把盖洛普咨询公司所评估出的美国城市平均幸福指数与该地区的上市公司投资活跃度进行对比。
足以肯定的是，公司投资和研发力度与公司总部所在地的幸福指数相关。但是幸福真的与投资相关吗?或者说幸福指数更高的城市的其他方面能够说明公司为何加大研发投入。为了弄清这一点，研究者掌握了多种可能促使公司投资的因素，例如规模，产业，销售，也掌握了各种指标，如适宜居住地，工资涨幅及人口变化。了解这些问题后，幸福与投资的关系就能够轻松得出了。
幸福与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司，这是因为新公司所做决定会偏草率，而且年轻的新经理决策时更容易受情绪影响。同样，这种关系在员工幸福指数相同的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。
然而这并不证明是幸福导致公司大量投资，或者从长远的角度来讲，研究人员认为至少它预示着这种可能性。不难想象，本地文化以及情感有助于影响高管对于未来的看法。“快乐的人比普通人有预见性、创造力、更善于研发这种说法似乎更可信。”一位研究者说。
篇9：考研英语翻译模拟试题及解析
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.
First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals―the average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties―he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing; living in “public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.
重点词汇：
intellectual：
adj 1 [通常作定语] of the intellect 智力的;理智的：【例】the intellectual faculties 智能。
2 of, interested in or able to deal with things of the mind (eg the arts, ideas for their own sake) rather than practical matters 思维的, 善思考的, 能运用聪明才智的(如艺术、思想等方面，并非指实际事情)：【例】intellectual people 善思考的人;intellectual interests, pursuits, etc 需用脑力的爱好、研究等。
n intellectual person 知识分子; 脑力劳动者：【例】 a play, book, etc for intellectuals 以知识分子为对象的剧、书等。
plead ：/ pli:d; plid/
v 1 ~ (with sb) (for sth) make repeated urgent requests (to sb) (for sth) 再三恳求或请求(某人)(做某事)：【例】plead for mercy 祈求发慈悲; He pleaded with his parents for a more understanding attitude. 他求父母多加谅解。
2 offer (sth) as an explanation or excuse, esp for failing to do sth or for doing sth wrong 提出(理由或藉口)(尤指因未做某事或做错某事)：【例】They asked him to pay for the damage but he pleaded poverty. 他们要他付损害赔偿金, 但他藉口贫穷而不偿还。
3 ~ for/against sb (law 律) (of a lawyer) speak to a lawcourt (on behalf of the plaintiff/defendant)(指律师)(在法庭上为原告[被告])提出申诉、答辩或辩护。
4 (law 律) present (a case) to a court of law 向法庭陈述(案情)：【例】 They employed the best lawyer they could get to plead their case. 他们聘请了能请到的最好的律师为他们陈述案情。
5 (law 律) put (sth) forward as the basis of a case in a court of law (on behalf of sb) (代表某人)向法庭提出(某事)(作为案件的基础)：【例】Counsel for the accused said that he intended to plead insanity, ie that his client was insane and therefore not responsible for his actions. 被告的律师说他想提出案发时被告精神失常这一理由, 为被告不需负法律责任进行辩护。
6 ~ (for) sth argue in support of sth; support (a cause) by argument 极力主张; 以辩论支持(某事业)：【例】plead for the modernization of the city's public transport 力主城市公共交通现代化。
【形】pleadingly in a begging or an imploring manner 恳求地;乞求地
【名】pleadings (律) (原告的)诉状;被告的)答辩状
consciously：adv.
【形】conscious
1 knowing what is going on around one because one is able to use bodily senses and mental powers; awake 感觉到的; 意识到的; 清醒的: 【例】He was in a coma for days, but now he's (fully) conscious again. 他昏迷了几天, 但现在又(完全)清醒了。
2 ~ of sth/that... aware; noticing 知道的; 察觉的; 注意到的：【例】be conscious of being watched/that one is being watched 察觉有人在监视自己
3 (of actions, feelings, etc) realized by oneself; intentional (指行为、感情等)自觉的; 蓄意的： 【例】One's conscious motives are often different from one's subconscious ones. 一个人有明显动机的举动跟下意识的举动往往截然不同。
4 being particularly aware of and interested in the thing mentioned 对所提到的事物具有深刻认识和浓厚兴趣的：【例】trying to make the workers more politically conscious 努力提高工人的政治觉悟。
【名】consciousness
[U] 1 (a) state of being conscious(1) 知觉; 清醒状态：【例】The blow caused him to lose consciousness. 那一击打得他失去了知觉. (b) ~ (of sth/that...) state of being aware; awareness 明了; 觉悟：【例】my consciousness of her needs 我对她的需求的了解。
2 all the ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc of a person or people 意识： 【例】attitudes that are deeply ingrained in the English consciousness 深深扎根於英国人意识中的看法。
articulate
adj 1 (of a person) able to express one's ideas clearly in words (指人)能用词语把意思表达清楚的：【例】She's unusually articulate for a ten-year-old. 对一个十岁的孩子来说, 她异乎寻常地能说会道。
2 (of speech) clearly pronounced (指讲话)发音清晰的。
3 having joints 有关节的。
v 1 speak (sth) clearly and distinctly 清楚明白地说(某事)：【例】 I'm a little deaf please articulate (your words) carefully. 我有些耳背--请(把话)仔细说清楚。
2 [通常用於被动语态] ~ (sth) with sth form a joint or connect (sth) by joints with sth 形成关节; (用关节)连接：【例】bones that articulate/are articulated with others 以关节与其它骨骼相连的骨骼。
【副】articulately
【名】articulateness
in the light of 按照, 根据, 当作
analogous
adj ~ (to/with sth) partially similar or parallel; offering an analogy 类似的; 相似的： 【例】 The two processes are not analogous. 这两种过程不相似。
encounter
v (fml 文) 1 meet or find oneself faced by (sth/sb unpleasant, dangerous, difficult, etc) 遇到或发现自己面临(令人不快的、危险的、困难的...某事[某人])：【例】 I encountered many difficulties when I first started this job. 我开始做这项工作时, 遇到许多困难。
2 meet (a friend, etc) unexpectedly 邂逅(友人等)。
n ~ (with sb/sth) sudden or unexpected (esp hostile) meeting 突然的或意外的(尤指敌对的)相遇：【例】an encounter with an enemy 与敌人的遭遇。
ethic
n 1 system of moral principles; rules of conduct 道德标准;行为准则：【例】the Puritan ethic 清教徒的伦理观
2 ethics n (a) [sing v] science that deals with morals 伦理学：【例】Ethics is a branch of philosophy. 伦理学是哲学的分科。 (b) [pl] moral correctness 道德规范：【例】The ethics of his decision are doubtful. 他的这一决定是否合乎道德规范值得怀疑。
【形】ethical
1 of morals or moral questions 道德的; 道德上的问题的：【例】largely an ethical problem 主要是道德问题
2 morally correct 合乎道德的：【例】His behavior has not been strictly ethical. 他的行为不太道德。
eminent
adj. 1(of a person) famous and distinguished (指人)著名的, 杰出的, 卓越的：【例】an eminent architect 杰出的建筑师
2 [通常作定语] (of qualities) remarkable; outstanding (指品质、特性)明显的;显著的;突出的：【例】a man of eminent goodness 品德优良的人
【副】eminently
obviously; outstandingly 明显地;显著地;突出地：【例】She seems eminently suitable for the job. 她看来极适合做这项工作。
拓展阅读：
考研英语翻译丢分的原因
1.长难句结构划分不清晰
划分英语长难句结构，是理解英语句子含义的基础。许多同学反映，一看到长句就恐慌;再加上几个不认识的单词，根本无从下手，不知道原文在表达什么，所以只能认识几个单词就翻译几个单词，写出的译文自己都不知所云。事实上，要成功翻译一篇英文文章，既要对英语原文理解正确无误，又要把汉语表达得流畅通顺。但在这两者中，正确理解原文既是起点也是关键。而要做到正确理解原文，就需要有扎实的英语语言基础，特别是英语句型结构知识和正确分析英语句子结构的能力。
2.逻辑关系梳理不明确
在正确理解原文句子结构的基础上，如果局限于原文的句子结构，没有真正弄懂各句之间的逻辑关系，也会造成误译。这是因为，英语中的许多连接词本身就有不同的含义，比如 as ，既可以引导原因状语从句，也可以引导时间状语从句和定语从句，还能和其他词构成新的引导词和短语等;而且某些连接词引导的从句的表面逻辑关系与实际逻辑关系并不相同，比如所有的定语从句看起来都是作定语，但实际上有时却从原因、结果、目的或条件等方面对被修饰词加以限定，所以为了更确切地表达这种逻辑关系，往往将一些定语从句译成相应的状语从句。另外，在正义反说或反义正说方面，还有对状语是修饰限定动词还是整句话，某些词语是作状语还是作定语，或者是否存在否定转移的理解等，都可能造成逻辑关系的误译。
3.词意把握不到位
一位语言学家曾经说过：“在新的上下文里使用的每一个词都是新词。”英语中普遍存在一些一词多义、一词多类的现象，除了一些专有名词之外，几乎没有绝对等值的词语。正是词的这种多义性和变义性，决定了对英语词义的理解及其汉语表达是英译汉的难点所在。所以，对于英译汉中每个词语的翻译都需要仔细斟酌，不可轻易凭经验而译。因此，在翻译一个词时，看到的绝不应该仅仅是这个词本身，必须充分考虑它在上下文中所处的地位以及与其他词的搭配关系，孤立的译词是下下之策。
4.文化背景知识不熟悉
语言与文化是密不可分的孪生体，没有不受文化影响的语言，也没有不用语言传播的文化。无论是在英译汉还是汉译英的实践中，无论是在日常交往还是正式场合，由于缺乏对英美文化的了解而造成的误译比比皆是，常常会闹出笑话，甚至因此造成一些不必要的矛盾和损失。
篇10：考研英语模拟试题及答案
08年考研英语模拟试题及答案
Section I Use of English
Part A
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
The basic function of money is the enable buying to be separated from selling, thus permitting trade to take place without the so?called double coincidence of barter. If a person has something to sell and wants something else 1 return, it is not necessary to search for someone able and 2to make the desired exchange of items. The person can sell the 3 item for general purchasing power―that is, “money”―to anyone who wants to buy it and then use the proceeds to buy the desired item from anyone who wants to sell it.
The importance of this function of money is 4 illustrated by the experience of Germany just after World War Ⅱ, 5 paper money was 6 largely useless because, despite inflationary conditions, price controls were effectively 7 by the American, French, and British armies of occupation. People had to8 to barter or to inefficient money substitutes. The result was to cut total output of the economy in half. The German “economic miracle” just after 1948 reflected partly a currency reform by the occupation authorities, 9 some economists hold that it stemmed primarily from the German government’s 10 of all price controls, 11 permitting a money economy to 12 a barter economy.
13 of the act of sale from the act of purchase 14 the existence of something that will be generally accepted in payment―this is the “15 of exchange” function of money. But there must also be something that can serve as a 16 abode of purchasing power, in which the seller holds the proceeds in the interim 17 the first sale and the 18 purchase, or from which the buyer can 19the general purchasing power with which to pay 20 what is bought. This is the “asset” function of money.
1. ［A］ on ［B］ in ［C］ by ［D］ for
2. ［A］ capable ［B］ likely ［C］ desirable ［D］ willing
3. ［A］ excess ［B］ extra ［C］ surplus ［D］ ample
4. ［A］ dramatically ［B］ urgently ［C］ faithfully ［D］ incidentally
5. ［A］ when ［B］ before ［C］ since ［D］ until
6. ［A］ developed ［B］ reserved ［C］ rendered ［D］ imagined
7. ［A］ encouraged ［B］ enlarged ［C］ endured ［D］ enforced
8. ［A］ conform ［B］ resort ［C］ commit ［D］ gear
9. ［A］ and ［B］ but ［C］ therefore ［D］ however
10. ［A］ deprivation ［B］ stimulation ［C］ elimination ［D］ restriction
11. ［A］ thereby ［B］ therefore ［C］ then ［D］ while
12. ［A］ alternate ［B］ establish ［C］ substitute ［D］ replace
13. ［A］ Introduction ［B］ Specification ［C］ Representation ［D］ Separation
14. ［A］ assumes ［B］ requires ［C］ focuses ［D］ undertakes
15. ［A］ medium ［B］ function ［C］ role ［D］ nature
16. ［A］ fashionable ［B］ favorable ［C］ temporary ［D］ token
17. ［A］ both ［B］ for ［C］ between ［D］ after
18. ［A］ consequent ［B］ relevant ［C］ inadequate ［D］ subsequent
19. ［A］ execute ［B］ extract ［C］ exceed ［D］ exchange
20. ［A］ for ［B］ off ［C］ back ［D］ in
篇11：考研英语模拟试题
考研英语模拟试题
模拟考场(一)Section ⅠUse of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became 1 in a variety of aerobic activities, and 2 thousands of health spas 3 around the country to capitalize on his 4 interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed 5 to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their 6 was not on aerobics, 7 on weight?training programs designed to develop muscular mass, 8 , and endurance in their primarily male 9 . These fitness spas did not seem to benefit 10 from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight?training programs 11 few, if 12, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly 13 for males and for females. Many 14 programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.
15, most physical fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health related reasons, but primarily 16 such fitness components have been related to 17 in athletics. 18, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health 19 as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now 20 that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans.
1.[A] imposed engaged [C] confined [D] illustrated
2.[A] affluently eligibly [C] gorgeously [D] literally
3.[A] enhanced manifested [C] developed [D] established
4.[A] emerging hovering [C] intriguing [D] mingling
5.[A] prior entitled [C] liable [D] subjected
6.[A] action focus [C] cement [D] snap
7.[A] or or else [C] and [D] but rather
8.[A] strength nutrition [C] tolerance [D] ambition
9.[A] practitioners enthusiasts [C] referees [D] recipients
10.[A] financially particularly [C] legitimately [D] excessively
11.[A] presented offered [C] indicated [D] demonstrated
12.[A] something some [C] anything [D] any
13.[A] popular vigorous [C] intelligible [D] formidable
14.[A] current primitive [C] uneven [D] incredible
15.[A] Practically Eventually [C] Essentially [D] Historically
16.[A] because in only [C] although [D] now that
17.[A] performance harassment [C] identification [D] portrayal
18.[A] Moreover Therefore [C] However [D] Anyway
19.[A] advantages benefits [C] interests [D] profits
20.[A] recommends reassures [C] speculates [D] mediates
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Reading the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
Gene therapy and gene?based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years.
While it’s true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so?called stem cells haven’t begun to specialize.
Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells ― brain cells in Alzheimer’s, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few; if doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue.
It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still can’t be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations; but if efforts to understand and master stem?cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.
The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full?fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent.
For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year.
Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a true “miracle cure.”
21.The writer holds that the potential to make healthy body tissues will
[A] aggravate moral issues of human cloning.
bring great benefits to human beings.
[C] help scientists decode body instructions.
[D] involve employing surgical instruments.
22.The word “rejuvenated” (Para. 5) most probably means
[A] modified. re-collected. [C] classified. [D] reactivated.
23.The research at the University of Wisconsin is mentioned to show
[A] the isolation of stem cells. the effects of gene therapies.
[C] the advantages of human cloning. [D] the limitations of tissue replacements.
24.Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] The principle of gene therapy is applicable to that of cloning.
The isolation of stem cells is too difficult to be feasible.
[C] It is reasonable for all body instructions to be activated.
[D] Cloned animals will eventually take control of the world.
25.Towards the genetic research, the author’s attitude can best be said to be that of
[A] Frustration. Indifference. [C] Amazement. [D] Opposition.
Text 2
What our society suffers from most today is the absence of consensus about what it and life in it ought to be; such consensus cannot be gained from society’s present stage, or from fantasies about what it ought to be. For that the present is too close and too diversified, and the future too uncertain, to make believable claims about it. A consensus in the present hence can be achieved only through a shared understanding of the past, as Homer’s epics informed those who lived centuries later what it meant to be Greek, and by what images and ideals they were to live their lives and organize their societies.
Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live
篇12：考研英语模拟试题
考研英语模拟试题
Part A
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）
The basic function of money is the enable buying to be separated from selling, thus permitting trade to take place without the so瞔alled double coincidence of barter.If a person has something to sell and wants something else 1 return, it is not necessary to search for someone able and 2to make the desired exchange of items.The person can sell the 3 item for general purchasing power—that is, money—to anyone who wants to buy it and then use the proceeds to buy the desired item from anyone who wants to sell it.
The importance of this function of money is 4 illustrated by the experience of Germany just after World War Ⅱ, 5 paper money was 6 largely useless because, despite inflationary conditions, price controls were effectively 7 by the American, French, and British armies of occupation.People had to8 to barter or to inefficient money substitutes.The result was to cut total output of the economy in half.The German economic miracle just after 1948 reflected partly a currency reform by the occupation authorities, 9 some economists hold that it stemmed primarily from the German government‘s 10 of all price controls, 11 permitting a money economy to 12 a barter economy.
13 of the act of sale from the act of purchase 14 the existence of something that will be generally accepted in payment—this is the 15 of exchange function of money.But there must also be something that can serve as a 16 abode of purchasing power, in which the seller holds the proceeds in the interim 17 the first sale and the 18 purchase, or from which the buyer can 19the general purchasing power with which to pay 20 what is bought.This is the asset function of money.
1.［A］ on ［B］ in ［C］ by ［D］ for
2.［A］ capable ［B］ likely ［C］ desirable ［D］ willing
3.［A］ excess ［B］ extra ［C］ surplus ［D］ ample
4.［A］ dramatically ［B］ urgently ［C］ faithfully ［D］ incidentally
5.［A］ when ［B］ before ［C］ since ［D］ until
6.［A］ developed ［B］ reserved ［C］ rendered ［D］ imagined
7.［A］ encouraged ［B］ enlarged ［C］ endured ［D］ enforced
8.［A］ conform ［B］ resort ［C］ commit ［D］ gear
9.［A］ and ［B］ but ［C］ therefore ［D］ however
10.［A］ deprivation ［B］ stimulation ［C］ elimination ［D］ restriction
11.［A］ thereby ［B］ therefore ［C］ then ［D］ while
12.［A］ alternate ［B］ establish ［C］ substitute ［D］ replace
13.［A］ Introduction［B］ Specification ［C］ Representation ［D］ Separation
14.［A］ assumes ［B］ requires ［C］ focuses ［D］ undertakes
15.［A］ medium ［B］ function ［C］ role ［D］ nature
16.［A］ fashionable ［B］ favorable ［C］ temporary ［D］ token
17.［A］ both ［B］ for ［C］ between ［D］ after
18.［A］ consequent ［B］ relevant ［C］ inadequate ［D］ subsequent
19.［A］ execute［B］ extract ［C］ exceed ［D］ exchange
20.［A］ for ［B］ off ［C］ back ［D］ in
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（40 points）
Text 1
Two related paradoxes also emerge from the same basic conception of the aesthetic experience.The first was given extended consideration by Hegel, who argued roughly as follows: our sensuous attention and that gives to the work of art its peculiar individuality.Because it addresses itself to our sensory appreciation, the work of art is essentially concrete, to be understood by an act of perception rather than by a process of discursive thought.
At the same time, our understanding of the work of art is in part intellectual; we seek in it a conceptual content, which it presents to us in the form of an idea.One purpose of critical interpretation is to expound this idea in discursive form—to give the equivalent of the content of the work of art in another, nonsensuous idiom.But criticism can never succeed in this task, for, by separating the content from the particular form, it abolishes its individuality.The content presented then ceases to be the exact content of that work of art.In losing its individuality, the content loses its aesthetic reality; it thus ceases to be a reason for attending to the particular work and that first attracted our critical attention.It cannot be this that we saw in the original work and that explained its power over us.
For this content, displayed in the discursive idiom of the critical intellect, is no more than a husk, a discarded relic of a meaning that eluded us in the act of seizing it.If the content is to be the true object of aesthetic interest, it must remain wedded to its individuality: it cannot be detached from its sensuous embodiment without being detached from itself.Content is, therefore, inseparable from form and form in turn inseparable from content.（It is the form that it is only by virtue of the content that it embodies.）
Hegel's argument is the archetype of many, all aimed at showing that it is both necessary to distinguish form from content and also impossible to do so.This paradox may be resolved by rejecting either of its premises, but, as with Kant’s antinomy, neither premise seems dispensable.To suppose that content and form are inseparable is, in effect, to dismiss both ideas as illusory, since no two works of art can then share either a content or a form-the form being definitive of each work‘s individuality.
In this case, no one could ever justify his interest in a work of art by reference to its meaning.The intensity of aesthetic interest becomes a puzzling, and ultimately inexplicable, feature of our mental life.If, on the other hand, we insist that content and form are separable, we shall never be able to find, through a study of content, the reason for attending to the particular work of art that intrigues us.Every work of art stands proxy for its paraphrase.An impassable gap then opens between aesthetic experience and its ground, and the claim that aesthetic experience is intrinsically valuable is thrown in doubt.
21.Hegel argued that.
［A］ it is our sensuous appreciation that gives peculiar individuality to the work of art
［B］ it is the content of the work of art that holds our attention
［C］ the work of art cannot be understood without a process of logical thinking
［D］ the form of the work of art is what our sensuous appreciation concentrates on
22.It can be inferred from this passage that.
［A］ the paradox that it is both necessary to distinguish form content and also impossible to do so cannot be resolved by rejecting its premises
［B］ both content and form of the work of art are illusory
［C］ the content and form of the work of art are separable
［D］ aesthetic experience is not intrinsically valuable
23.Which of the following is NOT what Hegel believed？
［A］ The content and form of the work of art cannot be separated from each other.
［B］ The content of the work of art is always the true object of aesthetic interest.
［C］ The content presented without any individuality is not the content of the work of art.
［D］ The content understood by means of a process of discursive thought is no more than a husk.
24.Premises that are related to each other seems to be dispensable because.
［A］ Kant thinks they are indispensable
［B］ either of them can resolve the paradox
［C］ the premises are separated
［D］ the premises can account for the theory
25.This passage is mainly about.
［A］ the sensuous appreciation of art
［B］ the basic conception of the aesthetic experience
［C］ how to appreciate the work of art
［D］ the relationship between form and content of the work of art
★ 考研英语答案
考研英语模拟试题及答案解析（集锦12篇）
